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Manuel I of Portugal
Manuel I (English: ''Emmanuel I''; 31 May 1469 – 13 December 1521), the Fortunate (Port. '), King of Portugal and the Algarves was the son of Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu (1433–70) by his wife, Infanta Beatrice of Portugal. His name is associated with a period of Portuguese civilization distinguished by significant achievements both in political affairs and the arts. In spite of its small size and population in comparison to the great land powers of Europe, it was able to acquire an overseas empire of vast proportions and with a global dimension, for the first time in history, during Manuel's reign.
==Early life==
Manuel's mother was the granddaughter of King John I of Portugal; his father, Infante Fernando, was the second surviving son of King Edward of Portugal and the younger brother of King Afonso V of Portugal. Manuel succeeded in 1495 his first cousin, King John II of Portugal, who was also his brother-in-law, being married to Manuel's sister, Leonor.
Manuel grew up amidst conspiracies of the Portuguese upper nobility against King John II. He was aware of many people being killed and exiled. His older brother Diogo, Duke of Viseu, was stabbed to death in 1484 by the king himself.
Manuel thus had every reason to worry when he received a royal order in 1493 to present himself to the king, but his fears were groundless: John II wanted to name him heir to the throne, after the death of his son, Prince Afonso, and the failed attempts to legitimise Jorge, Duke of Coimbra, his illegitimate son. As a result of this stroke of luck he was nicknamed ''the Fortunate''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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